encoding/tlv.hpp

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/* -*- Mode:C++; c-file-style:"gnu"; indent-tabs-mode:nil; -*- */
#ifndef NDN_ENCODING_TLV_HPP
#define NDN_ENCODING_TLV_HPP

#include <stdexcept>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <limits>

#include "buffer.hpp"
#include "endian.hpp"

namespace ndn {

const size_t MAX_NDN_PACKET_SIZE = 8800;

namespace tlv {

class Error : public std::runtime_error
{
public:
  explicit
  Error(const std::string& what)
    : std::runtime_error(what)
  {
  }
};

enum {
  Interest      = 5,
  Data          = 6,
  Name          = 7,
  ImplicitSha256DigestComponent = 1,
  NameComponent = 8,
  Selectors     = 9,
  Nonce         = 10,
  // <Unassigned> = 11,
  InterestLifetime          = 12,
  MinSuffixComponents       = 13,
  MaxSuffixComponents       = 14,
  PublisherPublicKeyLocator = 15,
  Exclude       = 16,
  ChildSelector = 17,
  MustBeFresh   = 18,
  Any           = 19,
  MetaInfo      = 20,
  Content       = 21,
  SignatureInfo = 22,
  SignatureValue  = 23,
  ContentType     = 24,
  FreshnessPeriod = 25,
  FinalBlockId  = 26,
  SignatureType = 27,
  KeyLocator    = 28,
  KeyDigest     = 29,
  LinkPreference = 30,
  LinkDelegation = 31,
  SelectedDelegation = 32,

  AppPrivateBlock1 = 128,
  AppPrivateBlock2 = 32767
};

enum SignatureTypeValue {
  DigestSha256 = 0,
  SignatureSha256WithRsa = 1,
  // <Unassigned> = 2,
  SignatureSha256WithEcdsa = 3
};

std::ostream&
operator<<(std::ostream& os, const SignatureTypeValue& signatureType);

enum {
  // SignatureInfo TLVs
  ValidityPeriod = 253,
  NotBefore = 254,
  NotAfter = 255,

  AdditionalDescription = 258,
  DescriptionEntry = 512,
  DescriptionKey = 513,
  DescriptionValue = 514
};

enum ContentTypeValue {
  ContentType_Blob = 0,

  ContentType_Link = 1,

  ContentType_Key = 2,

  ContentType_Nack = 3
};

template<class InputIterator>
inline bool
readVarNumber(InputIterator& begin, const InputIterator& end, uint64_t& number);

template<class InputIterator>
inline bool
readType(InputIterator& begin, const InputIterator& end, uint32_t& type);


template<class InputIterator>
inline uint64_t
readVarNumber(InputIterator& begin, const InputIterator& end);

template<class InputIterator>
inline uint32_t
readType(InputIterator& begin, const InputIterator& end);

inline size_t
sizeOfVarNumber(uint64_t varNumber);

inline size_t
writeVarNumber(std::ostream& os, uint64_t varNumber);

template<class InputIterator>
inline uint64_t
readNonNegativeInteger(size_t size, InputIterator& begin, const InputIterator& end);

inline size_t
sizeOfNonNegativeInteger(uint64_t varNumber);

inline size_t
writeNonNegativeInteger(std::ostream& os, uint64_t varNumber);


// Inline implementations


template<class InputIterator>
inline bool
readVarNumber(InputIterator& begin, const InputIterator& end, uint64_t& number)
{
  if (begin == end)
    return false;

  uint8_t firstOctet = *begin;
  ++begin;
  if (firstOctet < 253)
    {
      number = firstOctet;
    }
  else if (firstOctet == 253)
    {
      if (end - begin < 2)
        return false;

      uint16_t value = *reinterpret_cast<const uint16_t*>(&*begin);
      begin += 2;
      number = be16toh(value);
    }
  else if (firstOctet == 254)
    {
      if (end - begin < 4)
        return false;

      uint32_t value = *reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(&*begin);
      begin += 4;
      number = be32toh(value);
    }
  else // if (firstOctet == 255)
    {
      if (end - begin < 8)
        return false;

      uint64_t value = *reinterpret_cast<const uint64_t*>(&*begin);
      begin += 8;

      number = be64toh(value);
    }

  return true;
}

template<class InputIterator>
inline bool
readType(InputIterator& begin, const InputIterator& end, uint32_t& type)
{
  uint64_t number = 0;
  bool isOk = readVarNumber(begin, end, number);
  if (!isOk || number > std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max())
    {
      return false;
    }

  type = static_cast<uint32_t>(number);
  return true;
}

template<class InputIterator>
inline uint64_t
readVarNumber(InputIterator& begin, const InputIterator& end)
{
  if (begin == end)
    BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Empty buffer during TLV processing"));

  uint64_t value;
  bool isOk = readVarNumber(begin, end, value);
  if (!isOk)
    BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Insufficient data during TLV processing"));

  return value;
}

template<>
inline bool
readVarNumber<std::istream_iterator<uint8_t>>(std::istream_iterator<uint8_t>& begin,
                                              const std::istream_iterator<uint8_t>& end,
                                              uint64_t& value)
{
  if (begin == end)
    return false;

  uint8_t firstOctet = *begin;
  ++begin;
  if (firstOctet < 253)
    {
      value = firstOctet;
    }
  else if (firstOctet == 253)
    {
      value = 0;
      size_t count = 0;
      for (; begin != end && count < 2; ++count)
        {
          value = ((value << 8) | *begin);
          begin++;
        }

      if (count != 2)
        return false;
    }
  else if (firstOctet == 254)
    {
      value = 0;
      size_t count = 0;
      for (; begin != end && count < 4; ++count)
        {
          value = ((value << 8) | *begin);
          begin++;
        }

      if (count != 4)
        return false;
    }
  else // if (firstOctet == 255)
    {
      value = 0;
      size_t count = 0;
      for (; begin != end && count < 8; ++count)
        {
          value = ((value << 8) | *begin);
          begin++;
        }

      if (count != 8)
        return false;
    }

  return true;
}

template<class InputIterator>
inline uint32_t
readType(InputIterator& begin, const InputIterator& end)
{
  uint64_t type = readVarNumber(begin, end);
  if (type > std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max())
    {
      BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("TLV type code exceeds allowed maximum"));
    }

  return static_cast<uint32_t>(type);
}

size_t
sizeOfVarNumber(uint64_t varNumber)
{
  if (varNumber < 253) {
    return 1;
  }
  else if (varNumber <= std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max()) {
    return 3;
  }
  else if (varNumber <= std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
    return 5;
  }
  else {
    return 9;
  }
}

inline size_t
writeVarNumber(std::ostream& os, uint64_t varNumber)
{
  if (varNumber < 253) {
    os.put(static_cast<char>(varNumber));
    return 1;
  }
  else if (varNumber <= std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max()) {
    os.put(static_cast<char>(253));
    uint16_t value = htobe16(static_cast<uint16_t>(varNumber));
    os.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&value), 2);
    return 3;
  }
  else if (varNumber <= std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
    os.put(static_cast<char>(254));
    uint32_t value = htobe32(static_cast<uint32_t>(varNumber));
    os.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&value), 4);
    return 5;
  }
  else {
    os.put(static_cast<char>(255));
    uint64_t value = htobe64(varNumber);
    os.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&value), 8);
    return 9;
  }
}

template<class InputIterator>
inline uint64_t
readNonNegativeInteger(size_t size, InputIterator& begin, const InputIterator& end)
{
  switch (size) {
  case 1:
    {
      if (end - begin < 1)
        BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Insufficient data during TLV processing"));

      uint8_t value = *begin;
      begin++;
      return value;
    }
  case 2:
    {
      if (end - begin < 2)
        BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Insufficient data during TLV processing"));

      uint16_t value = *reinterpret_cast<const uint16_t*>(&*begin);
      begin += 2;
      return be16toh(value);
    }
  case 4:
    {
      if (end - begin < 4)
        BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Insufficient data during TLV processing"));

      uint32_t value = *reinterpret_cast<const uint32_t*>(&*begin);
      begin += 4;
      return be32toh(value);
    }
  case 8:
    {
      if (end - begin < 8)
        BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Insufficient data during TLV processing"));

      uint64_t value = *reinterpret_cast<const uint64_t*>(&*begin);
      begin += 8;
      return be64toh(value);
    }
  }
  BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Invalid length for nonNegativeInteger (only 1, 2, 4, and 8 are allowed)"));
}

template<>
inline uint64_t
readNonNegativeInteger<std::istream_iterator<uint8_t> >(size_t size,
                                                        std::istream_iterator<uint8_t>& begin,
                                                        const std::istream_iterator<uint8_t>& end)
{
  switch (size) {
  case 1:
    {
      if (begin == end)
        BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Insufficient data during TLV processing"));

      uint64_t value = *begin;
      begin++;
      return value;
    }
  case 2:
    {
      uint64_t value = 0;
      size_t count = 0;
      for (; begin != end && count < 2; ++count)
        {
          value = ((value << 8) | *begin);
          begin++;
        }

      if (count != 2)
        BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Insufficient data during TLV processing"));

      return value;
    }
  case 4:
    {
      uint64_t value = 0;
      size_t count = 0;
      for (; begin != end && count < 4; ++count)
        {
          value = ((value << 8) | *begin);
          begin++;
        }

      if (count != 4)
        BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Insufficient data during TLV processing"));

      return value;
    }
  case 8:
    {
      uint64_t value = 0;
      size_t count = 0;
      for (; begin != end && count < 8; ++count)
        {
          value = ((value << 8) | *begin);
          begin++;
        }

      if (count != 8)
        BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Insufficient data during TLV processing"));

      return value;
    }
  }
  BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Error("Invalid length for nonNegativeInteger (only 1, 2, 4, and 8 are allowed)"));
}

inline size_t
sizeOfNonNegativeInteger(uint64_t varNumber)
{
  if (varNumber < 253) {
    return 1;
  }
  else if (varNumber <= std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max()) {
    return 2;
  }
  else if (varNumber <= std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
    return 4;
  }
  else {
    return 8;
  }
}


inline size_t
writeNonNegativeInteger(std::ostream& os, uint64_t varNumber)
{
  if (varNumber < 253) {
    os.put(static_cast<char>(varNumber));
    return 1;
  }
  else if (varNumber <= std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max()) {
    uint16_t value = htobe16(static_cast<uint16_t>(varNumber));
    os.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&value), 2);
    return 2;
  }
  else if (varNumber <= std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
    uint32_t value = htobe32(static_cast<uint32_t>(varNumber));
    os.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&value), 4);
    return 4;
  }
  else {
    uint64_t value = htobe64(varNumber);
    os.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&value), 8);
    return 8;
  }
}


} // namespace tlv
} // namespace ndn

#endif // NDN_ENCODING_TLV_HPP